Tokyo vs Kyoto: A Comprehensive Guide to Japan's Modern Capital and Ancient Imperial City
The skyscrapers of Kasumigaseki and the stage of Kiyomizu Temple. The bustle of Shinjuku and the tranquility of Gion. Tokyo and Kyoto, these two cities representing Japan, seem to exist in entirely different eras.
I have the experience of living in Kyoto for two years. Going to listen to the murmur of the Kamo River in the morning, or catching sight of geisha walking on stone pavements at night. As I spent such days, I became captivated by Kyoto's charm. On the other hand, in Tokyo, which I visited frequently, there were always new stimuli and surprising experiences waiting.
During the spring I spent in Kyoto, I walked along the Philosopher's Path enveloped in cherry blossom petals, and in autumn, I was breathless at the spectacular fall colors of Kinkaku-ji. I enjoyed the summer tradition of kawadoko dining and was captivated by the snowy landscape of Kiyomizu Temple in winter.
And in Tokyo, I experienced the latest gadgets and anime culture in Akihabara, was overwhelmed by the energy of Shibuya's scramble crossing, and encountered contemporary art in Ueno's museums. I could have such contrasting experiences.
In this article, I'll thoroughly compare the attractions of these two cities that symbolize Japan's "present" and "tradition," interweaving my real experiences and insights gained from both cities.
Tourist spots, food culture, art, nightlife, and above all, the unique atmosphere each city possesses. Which will you be more drawn to, the vibrant modern city or the ancient capital with its long history?
Now, let's embark on a journey through Tokyo and Kyoto together. Through this comparison, you're sure to find helpful hints for planning your next trip to Japan!
Table of Contents
・Basic Differences Between Tokyo and Kyoto
・Who is Tokyo/Kyoto Recommended For?
・Comparison of Tourist Spots
・Differences in Food Culture
・Differences in Cultural Experiences
・Differences in Transportation
・Frequently Asked Questions About Tokyo and Kyoto
Basic Differences Between Tokyo and Kyoto
Tokyo and Kyoto, while both representing Japan, have very different faces. Here, let's compare the basic characteristics and life rhythms of both cities and explore their attractions.
City Characteristics
Tokyo is a modern, vibrant metropolis as Japan's capital. It's a massive city with a population of about 14 million, and the sight of its towering skyscrapers is breathtaking. I still vividly remember being overwhelmed by its scale and the energy of its people when I first visited Tokyo.
On the other hand, Kyoto is a smaller city with a population of about 2.57 million. However, its historical value is immeasurable.
Kyoto, which flourished as Japan's capital for over 1000 years, still retains strong traces of tradition and history. The landscape where temples and shrines harmonize with nature is truly a symbol of Japan's beauty. During the two years I lived in Kyoto, I made new discoveries almost every day and was drawn into its deep charm.
Life Rhythm
The difference in life rhythm between Tokyo and Kyoto well represents the character of both cities. Tokyo is a city that operates 24 hours a day, with many streets bright and bustling even late at night.
It's the center of international business and a place where new trends are constantly born. When I stayed in Tokyo, I was surprised to see people active even at 3:00 AM.
In contrast, Kyoto quiets down relatively early. Many shops close early, and the whole city is enveloped in a calm atmosphere. When I was living in Kyoto, I was completely captivated by this peaceful life rhythm. Waking up early to take a walk along the Kamo River and spending the evening quietly. Such a lifestyle felt comfortable.
Tokyo and Kyoto are both attractive cities, but their attractions are completely different. Some people seek the energy and stimulation of Tokyo, while others are drawn to the calmness and deep culture of Kyoto.
In the next section, let's look in detail at what kind of people each city is recommended for.
Who is Tokyo/Kyoto Recommended For?
Tokyo and Kyoto each have different attractions, and the more suitable city changes depending on the preferences and purposes of the visitors. Here, based on my experiences and observations, let's look in detail at what kind of people each city is recommended for.
People Tokyo is Recommended For
Tokyo is the perfect city for those who want to experience modern Japan. The cityscape lined with skyscrapers, cutting-edge technology, and the energy of a city that never sleeps. All of these vividly represent the face of modern Japan.
What I feel every time I visit Tokyo is its inexhaustible energy. With many shops open until late at night, it's ideal for those who want to enjoy vibrant nightlife. In Roppongi and Shibuya, you can experience an internationally flavored atmosphere in bars and clubs that are busy until late at night.
For shopping enthusiasts, Tokyo is a paradise. From high-end boutiques in Ginza to street fashion in Harajuku and the electronics district in Akihabara, you can enjoy shopping in all genres. Whenever I go to Tokyo, I find myself getting absorbed in shopping.
Tokyo is also attractive for those interested in the latest technology and pop culture. In Akihabara, you can see the latest gadgets and anime goods, and in the scattered world-class museums, you can enjoy cutting-edge art exhibitions.
And speaking of Tokyo's attractions, it's definitely the ability to enjoy diverse cuisine. From Michelin-starred restaurants to casual local favorites, you can savor cuisines from around the world.
People Kyoto is Recommended For
On the other hand, Kyoto is an ideal place for those who want to experience traditional Japanese culture. During the two years I lived in Kyoto, I made new discoveries every day. Old townscapes, atmospheric temples and shrines, beautiful nature changing with the seasons. All of these make you feel the heart of Japan.
Kyoto is also recommended for those who want to spend relaxed time. While it doesn't have the hustle and bustle of Tokyo, it allows you to have quiet time to face yourself.
On holidays, I often took walks along the Kamo River or strolled along the Philosopher's Path. Such times calmed my heart and brought new discoveries.
For those who want to visit temples and shrines, Kyoto is a treasure trove. There are many famous temples such as Kinkaku-ji, Kiyomizu-dera, and Fushimi Inari Taisha. These temples are not just tourist spots, but embody Japanese history, culture, and aesthetic sense. Even after visiting many times, I'm still moved by their solemnity and beauty.
Kyoto is also an excellent place for those interested in Japanese history and art. In machiya townhouses and museums, you can see traditional Japanese crafts and arts up close. I was particularly fascinated by traditional crafts like Nishijin-ori textiles and Kiyomizu pottery.
And for those who want to taste the essence of Japanese cuisine, I recommend Kyoto. Kyoto cuisine is characterized by its delicate flavors that bring out the taste of the ingredients.
People Recommended to Visit Both Cities
If you have time to spare, I recommend visiting both Tokyo and Kyoto. This is the best way to experience the diverse aspects of Japan. If you have more than a week to stay, you can leisurely enjoy both cities.
By visiting Tokyo and Kyoto, you can enjoy the contrast between tradition and modernity. For example, after experiencing cutting-edge technology in Tokyo, visiting a thousand-year-old temple in Kyoto. Such experiences make you feel the depth of Japan as a country.
Also, for those who want to taste a wide range of Japanese food culture, I recommend visiting both cities. In Tokyo, you can enjoy internationally diverse cuisine and Edomae sushi, while in Kyoto, you can enjoy more traditional Japanese cuisine.
Visiting both cities is also ideal for those who want to feel the difference in atmosphere between urban and rural areas. By experiencing the contrast between Tokyo's energy and Kyoto's calmness, you can understand Japan's multifaceted nature more deeply.
Travel Planning Advice
Let me introduce some advice for visiting Tokyo and Kyoto. First, I recommend the bullet train for traveling between the two cities. It takes about 2 hours and 15 minutes, and you can spend time relaxing while enjoying the scenery. I especially love the section where you can see Mount Fuji.
When visiting Kyoto, I recommend checking in advance as the events you can experience differ depending on the season. For example, cherry blossoms in spring, the Gion Festival in summer, autumn foliage, and snowy landscapes in winter, each season has its unique beauty.
What I particularly like is Kyoto in autumn. The autumn foliage at Kinkaku-ji and Arashiyama is indescribably beautiful.
Tokyo and Kyoto each have many attractive elements. Try to create an ideal itinerary based on your interests and preferences.
Comparison of Tourist Spots
Tokyo and Kyoto both have numerous attractive tourist spots. They are all unique places that reflect the characteristics of each city. Let's compare the main tourist attractions of both cities, interweaving my experiences.
Main Tourist Spots in Tokyo
Shinjuku
Shinjuku is one of Tokyo's central areas, and the sight of its cluster of skyscrapers is breathtaking. I still vividly remember being overwhelmed by its scale when I first visited Shinjuku. The night view is especially wonderful, and I'll never forget the view from the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building's observation deck.
Shinjuku also has many large entertainment facilities, with movie theaters, playhouses, and shopping malls gathered together.
And speaking of Shinjuku, there's Kabukicho. Known as Japan's largest nightlife spot, first-time visitors might feel a bit nervous.
I was also hesitant at first, but if you check guidebooks for safe places to go before visiting, you can enjoy its unique atmosphere.
Shibuya
Shibuya is known as the source of youth culture. Particularly famous is the scramble crossing. The sight of thousands of people crossing at once symbolizes Tokyo's energy.
Every time I cross this intersection, I get excited. When you let yourself go with the flow of people crossing, you can feel Tokyo's vitality on your skin.
Shibuya is also at the forefront of fashion. Fashion buildings for young people like 109 stand in a row, transmitting the latest trends. Even if you don't make a purchase, just window shopping can be stimulating.
The statue of Hachiko the loyal dog is also an iconic presence in Shibuya. Famous as a meeting spot, it's always crowded with people. When you know Hachiko's story, waiting in front of this statue takes on a special meaning.
The energy of Center Street is also one of Shibuya's attractions. Various shops line the narrow alley, overflowing with young people. Just walking here makes me feel younger.
Asakusa
Asakusa is an area in Tokyo that particularly retains the atmosphere of the old downtown. Kaminarimon and Nakamise Street are symbolic presences of Asakusa. Passing through the Kaminarimon with its large red lantern and walking down Nakamise Street makes you feel like you've slipped back in time to the Edo period.
Sensoji Temple is known as the oldest temple in Tokyo. The large incense burner in front of the main hall is always crowded with worshippers.
A Sumida River cruise is also one of the experiences I strongly recommend when visiting Asakusa. The view of Tokyo from the river has a different charm from that on land. Especially, the illuminated Tokyo Skytree at night is a spectacular view.
Akihabara
Akihabara is known as an electronics district, but it's also famous as a mecca for otaku culture. Here, you can find everything from the latest electronic devices to anime and manga-related goods.
As a camera enthusiast, I tend to linger in Akihabara. Just looking at the latest gadgets excites me.
Maid cafes are also a characteristic presence in Akihabara. These cafes, where staff dressed in maid costumes serve customers, are popular as places to experience Japanese pop culture. Although I felt a bit embarrassed at first, once I experienced it, I was drawn into its unique world view.
Akihabara is also known as a mecca for gacha gacha (capsule toys). The sight of various types of gacha gacha machines lined up is impressive, and I can't help but try them multiple times. I have several gacha gacha figures I got in Akihabara decorating my desk.
Main Tourist Spots in Kyoto
Kiyomizu-dera
Kiyomizu-dera is one of Kyoto's representative tourist spots. During the two years I lived in Kyoto, I visited many times, but its charm never ran out.
Particularly impressive is the main hall with its stage construction. From the 13-meter high stage, you can overlook the city of Kyoto. One of Kiyomizu-dera's attractions is that you can enjoy different scenery with each season - cherry blossoms in spring, fresh greenery in summer, autumn foliage, and snowy landscapes in winter.
Otowa Waterfall is also one of Kiyomizu-dera's highlights. The water falling from three streams is said to have benefits for academic achievement, love, and longevity. When I was a university student, I often visited to pray for academic success.
Jishu Shrine, located within the grounds of Kiyomizu-dera, is famous as a god of matchmaking. The "love stones," where you try to find two stones tied with a red string while blindfolded, are popular among young people wishing for love.
Eating while walking along Kiyomizu-zaka is also one of the pleasures of visiting Kiyomizu-dera. Kyoto-style foods like yuba, tofu, and matcha ice cream are lined up.
Kinkaku-ji
Kinkaku-ji, as its name suggests, is known for its magnificent architectural beauty covered in gold leaf. Its official name is Rokuon-ji, but it's affectionately known as Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion).
The charm of Kinkaku-ji isn't just the building itself. The reflection of the Golden Pavilion in Kyoko-chi pond is also a spectacular sight. On windless days, the pavilion is reflected upside down in the pond surface, creating an illusion as if two Golden Pavilions exist. Every time I see this scenery, I feel the depth of Japanese aesthetic sense.
The garden of Kinkaku-ji is also not to be missed. The rocks and plantings arranged around the pond encapsulate the beauty of Japanese gardens. Especially, the garden in the autumn foliage season is exceptional. The contrast between the golden-shining pavilion and the trees turning red and yellow is indescribably beautiful.
Fushimi Inari Taisha
Fushimi Inari Taisha is a shrine famous for its thousands of torii gates. The sight of vermilion torii gates continuing endlessly is breathtaking. When I first visited, I was captivated by its mystical atmosphere. As you pass under the torii gates and climb the mountain, you feel like you've wandered into another world.
Fushimi Inari Taisha is known as the head shrine of all Inari shrines. Many fox messenger statues are placed within the shrine grounds.
The view of Kyoto city from the mountaintop after climbing through the thousands of torii gates is also wonderful. Especially the scenery at dusk is exceptional, with the sky dyed orange and the townscape of Kyoto creating an unforgettable view.
When I guide friends or family in Kyoto, I always make sure to show them this view. Everyone unanimously expresses their amazement at its beauty.
When visiting Fushimi Inari Taisha, I recommend going with ample time and energy. It takes about 2 hours to climb through all the torii gates. There are rest areas along the way, but as it's a somewhat steep slope, it's best to go in comfortable walking shoes. However, the emotion waiting at the top is worth the effort.
Arashiyama
Arashiyama is one of Kyoto's representative tourist spots. What I particularly like is the Bamboo Grove path. Walking while listening to the sound of bamboo swaying in the wind is an experience that cleanses the soul.
Togetsukyo Bridge is also an iconic presence in Arashiyama. The view from this bridge over the Katsura River is spectacular, especially during the autumn foliage season. Every year when autumn comes, I look forward to enjoying the autumn leaves from this bridge.
The Sagano Romantic Train is also one of Arashiyama's popular attractions. From this train running along the Hozugawa Ravine, you can enjoy beautiful scenery in all four seasons. I particularly like the Romantic Train in autumn. Slowly passing through the mountains dyed in autumn colors from the train is a moment of bliss.
In Arashiyama, there's also Tenryu-ji Temple with its wonderful garden. This garden, which encapsulates the beauty of Japanese gardens, is especially breathtaking during the autumn foliage season.
Nishiki Market
Nishiki Market is a traditional market called "Kyoto's Kitchen." Various shops supporting Kyoto's food culture line up along this market stretching about 400 meters.
The charm of Nishiki Market is undoubtedly the ability to enjoy food-hopping of various Kyoto foods. Yuba, nama-fu, Kyoto pickles, yatsuhashi, and other Kyoto-specific foods are lined up.
Many shops offer light meals, so it's recommended to visit when you're hungry.
The tourist spots in Tokyo and Kyoto each have their unique charm. The modern and energetic atmosphere of Tokyo and the calmness of Kyoto where history and tradition breathe. Both embody the wonder of Japan.
I'm fascinated by both cities and still visit them frequently. I hope you'll also have the opportunity to visit both cities and feel their differences firsthand.
Differences in Food Culture
Tokyo and Kyoto, while both representative cities of Japan, have significant differences in their food cultures. Here, let's look in detail at the gourmet scenes of Tokyo and Kyoto while comparing them.
Tokyo's Gourmet Scene
Tokyo is truly a gourmet capital, boasting the world's highest number of Michelin-starred restaurants. You can enjoy cuisines of all genres, from high-end French to casual izakayas. Every time I stay in Tokyo, I'm amazed by its diversity and high quality.
What's particularly impressive is the abundance of fresh seafood dishes. Toyosu Market, which moved from Tsukiji Market, is known as the world's largest fish market. Here, fresh seafood is auctioned from early morning and delivered to restaurants in the city on the same day.
My recommendation is to enjoy breakfast at a sushi restaurant in the market. The sushi made right in front of you by skilled chefs is extremely fresh and delicious.
The charm of Tokyo also lies in the abundance of international cuisines. What I particularly like is the Korean food street in Shinjuku. There are many restaurants that offer authentic tastes, and whenever I take friends there, they're always pleased.
Another aspect of Tokyo's charm is its treasure trove of B-grade gourmet food. There are many dishes that are casual yet have deep flavors, such as monjayaki and late-night ramen.
The monjayaki restaurant I went to in Tsukishima when I was a student is still a fond memory. I can't forget the unique way of eating, cooking it yourself on the iron plate, and the aromatic smell of the crispy monjayaki.
And we can't overlook Tokyo's café culture. Trendy cafés line up in Omotesando and Daikanyama. You can enjoy various café menus from Instagram-worthy colorful sweets to carefully selected coffee.
Kyoto's Gourmet Scene
On the other hand, Kyoto's food culture is backed by a long history and tradition. During the two years I lived in Kyoto, I was continuously fascinated by its depth. The characteristic of Kyoto's food culture lies in its delicate flavors that maximize the taste of the ingredients.
Speaking of representative Kyoto cuisine, it would be traditional Kyo-ryori. Kaiseki cuisine and multi-course meals are artistic dishes that use seasonal ingredients and pay meticulous attention to presentation.
When I first ate high-end Kyo-ryori, I was moved by its beauty and depth of flavor. I felt the skill and thoughtfulness of the artisans put into each dish, and reaffirmed the wonderfulness of Japanese food culture.
Obanzai, which allows you to enjoy homely flavors, is also indispensable when talking about Kyoto's food culture. Obanzai refers to side dishes commonly eaten in Kyoto households. It's characterized by simple yet deep flavors that bring out the taste of the ingredients.
When speaking of Kyoto, wagashi (Japanese sweets) are also famous. There are many long-established wagashi shops, and you can enjoy traditional flavors like nama-yatsuhashi and Kyo-gashi.
Shojin ryori (Buddhist vegetarian cuisine) is also essential when discussing Kyoto's food culture. Dishes using tofu and yuba without animal ingredients are popular among health-conscious people.
Experiencing matcha at cafés is also a uniquely Kyoto way to enjoy. You can enjoy matcha in various forms, from traditional tea ceremony in teahouses to matcha sweets in modern cafés.
Differences in Cultural Experiences
Tokyo and Kyoto, while both in Japan, offer completely different cultural experiences. Here, let's look in detail at the differences in cultural activities you can experience in Tokyo and Kyoto.
Cultural Experiences in Tokyo
Cultural experiences in Tokyo are unique, blending tradition and modernity.
The prime example of this would be watching kabuki at the Kabukiza Theatre. The first time I watched kabuki was in Tokyo. I was particularly impressed by the performances using revolving stages and hanamichi walkways.
Sumo watching is also one of the important cultural experiences in Tokyo. The Grand Sumo Tournament held at Ryogoku Kokugikan is a precious opportunity to feel Japan's national sport firsthand. When I first watched sumo live, I was overwhelmed by the power of the wrestlers. From the rituals before the match, to the moment of the bout, to the victor's pose. Everything was fresh and interesting.
Anime and manga culture is also indispensable when talking about Tokyo's culture. Akihabara can be said to be its center. Although I wasn't very familiar with anime or manga, just walking through Akihabara made me feel the breadth and depth of this culture.
Figure shops, maid cafés, giant advertising posters. Everything gives a sense of being in a different world.
In Tokyo, along with these traditional cultural experiences, you can also enjoy entertainment using cutting-edge technology.
For example, teamLab Borderless in Odaiba is a place where you can experience the forefront of digital art. When I visited, I was fascinated by its immersive space. The experience of walking around in beautiful images projected on walls and floors felt like a truly Tokyo-like cultural experience.
Cultural Experiences in Kyoto
On the other hand, cultural experiences in Kyoto center around deeply tasting traditional Japanese culture. The prime example of this is the tea ceremony experience.
It was some time after I started living in Kyoto that I first experienced a formal tea ceremony in an authentic tea room. Sitting formally on tatami mats, quietly watching the host's movements, and receiving a bowl of tea. I felt the essence of Japanese culture in that series of actions.
The sensation of time flowing slowly in the silence makes you forget your busy daily life.
Zen meditation experience is also a uniquely Kyoto cultural experience. Sitting in zazen under strict guidance at a Rinzai Zen temple. At first, I struggled with numbness in my legs and back pain, but gradually felt my mind becoming calm.
Strolling around the old capital in rented kimono is also an experience that allows you to fully enjoy Kyoto's charm. I've walked around town in kimono with friends several times. The stone-paved roads, the eaves of atmospheric machiya townhouses, the quiet precincts of temples. Everything looks beautiful.
Especially, the memory of walking along the Philosopher's Path in kimono during cherry blossom season is still vivid in my mind.
Watching performances by maiko and geiko is also a precious opportunity to taste the essence of Kyoto culture. However, this is quite challenging and not easily experienced.
Even during my two years living in Kyoto, I only managed to get the opportunity once. The dances and musical performances showcased there, the wit in conversation. Everything was refined and I felt the crystallization of culture that has been polished over centuries.
In Kyoto, in addition to these traditional cultural experiences, you can also enjoy the fusion of contemporary art and tradition. For example, I felt that light-up events at Nijo Castle and To-ji Temple were wonderful attempts to breathe new life into old structures.
The cultural experiences in Tokyo and Kyoto are each attractive in their own way. Cultural experiences in Tokyo are diverse, fusing tradition and modernity, and constantly provide new stimuli.
On the other hand, cultural experiences in Kyoto allow you to deeply taste traditional Japanese culture and touch its spirituality. Both can be said to embody the richness of Japanese culture.
Differences in Transportation
Tokyo and Kyoto also have significant differences in terms of transportation. These differences reflect the characteristics and history of each city. Here, let's compare in detail the features of transportation in Tokyo and Kyoto.
Tokyo's transportation system is known for its complexity and efficiency. What's particularly impressive is its complex subway network. I still vividly remember being overwhelmed by the complexity of its route map when I first came to Tokyo.
However, as you get used to it, you realize that this complex system efficiently covers every corner of Tokyo.
On the other hand, Kyoto's transportation system is simpler and more intuitive. It's characterized by a grid-like road structure, with city buses covering major tourist spots. When I started living in Kyoto, thanks to this orderly road structure, I was able to grasp the structure of the city relatively quickly.
Especially, city buses are very convenient for tourists. There are plenty of routes connecting major tourist spots.
There are also differences in taxi usage between the two cities. Tokyo taxis have higher initial fares and are not very economical for short distances. On the other hand, Kyoto taxis are relatively reasonable and convenient especially for moving between tourist spots.
A characteristic point of Kyoto is that it's easy to sightsee on foot. Many tourist spots are concentrated in relatively close distances, so you can enjoy sightseeing while leisurely walking around the city. On holidays, I often walked along the Kamo River or explored the alleys of Gion. During such times, I would make unexpected discoveries and enjoy pleasures unique to walking.
Also, rental bicycles are popular means of transportation in Kyoto. With many flat terrains, cycling is comfortable.
A characteristic point of Tokyo is the complexity and vastness of station buildings. Especially large-scale stations like Shinjuku Station and Tokyo Station are like underground cities. I remember struggling to find the exit when I first visited.
However, there's efficiency within this complexity. For example, on rainy days, you can move over a wide area without using an umbrella by using underground passages.
In both cities, the accuracy and cleanliness of public transportation are world-class. I think the on-time operation of trains and buses is one of Japan's points of pride. When I guided friends from overseas, they were very impressed by this point.
The transportation methods in Tokyo and Kyoto reflect the characteristics of each city. Tokyo's complex and efficient system responds to the demands of a big city.
On the other hand, Kyoto's simpler and more intuitive system can be said to be in harmony with the historical townscape.
Frequently Asked Questions About Tokyo and Kyoto
I'd like to answer in detail some questions I often receive from travelers, interweaving my experiences. I'll compare the attractions and characteristics of Tokyo and Kyoto while answering your questions.
Which is More Popular Among Foreign Tourists, Tokyo or Kyoto?
This is one of the questions I'm often asked. In conclusion, both are very popular, but statistically, Tokyo attracts slightly more foreign tourists.
Tokyo is popular as a place where you can experience modern Japan. Clusters of skyscrapers, cutting-edge technology, the energy of a city that never sleeps. These fascinate many foreign tourists.
When I guided my foreign friends in Tokyo, they were particularly excited about the electronics district in Akihabara and the scramble crossing in Shibuya.
On the other hand, Kyoto is popular as a place where you can experience traditional Japan, especially among those interested in Japanese culture. Ancient temples and shrines, atmospheric townscapes, traditional Japanese cuisine. These seem to embody the very image of "Japan" for many.
When I lived in Kyoto, I often saw foreign tourists walking around the city in kimono. For them, it must be a place where the "Japanese dream" comes true.
Which is More Expensive, Tokyo or Kyoto?
Regarding prices, generally speaking, Tokyo is slightly more expensive. However, this is an average, and in reality, it varies depending on various factors.
When it comes to accommodation costs, Tokyo is more expensive on average. Especially hotels in the city center can be very costly. I remember struggling to find accommodation when I invited friends from overseas to Tokyo.
On the other hand, in Kyoto, it's easier to find reasonably priced accommodations. Particularly, guesthouses renovated from machiya townhouses are atmospheric and affordable.
Regarding meals, both cities have a wide range of price options. From high-end restaurants to casual eateries, there are plenty of choices.
However, Tokyo seems to have more high-end establishments. For example, at high-end sushi restaurants in Tokyo, there are courses that cost over 30,000 yen per person. On the other hand, in Kyoto, there are many restaurants where you can enjoy authentic Japanese cuisine at relatively reasonable prices.
Regarding transportation costs, Tokyo tends to be more expensive. Tokyo is vast, and you often need to use trains or taxis. Especially taxi fares in the city center are high.
On the other hand, Kyoto is relatively compact, and many tourist spots are within walking distance, so you can visit various attractions without using public transportation.
Regarding souvenirs, Kyoto seems to have more high-end items. Traditional crafts and high-grade Japanese sweets unique to Kyoto are relatively expensive. The tea ceremony utensils I bought in Kyoto were very beautiful, but they were quite expensive. On the other hand, Tokyo has souvenirs available in a wide range of prices.
Both cities require a considerable budget if you're seeking luxury experiences, but if you choose places that locals use daily, you can enjoy your trip more economically.
Which has Better English Support, Tokyo or Kyoto?
Regarding English support, Tokyo generally seems to be more advanced. This is largely because Tokyo is an international business city.
In Tokyo, you'll see many English signs at major stations and tourist spots. Also, many restaurants and hotels have English menus. Especially at major chain stores and convenience stores, English support is usually available.
On the other hand, Kyoto is also advancing English support as a tourist destination. You'll see more English signboards and English-speaking staff at major tourist spots.
Compared to when I lived in Kyoto, I feel that English support has rapidly advanced in the past few years. Especially at cultural facilities like temples, shrines, and museums, English explanations have become more comprehensive.
However, in both cities, there are English guides at major tourist spots, so you shouldn't have any problems with basic sightseeing. Also, with the recent improvement in translation app performance, language barriers are becoming lower and lower.
My advice is that even if English doesn't work, try to communicate using gestures or simple Japanese. Japanese people are kind, and many will try to help you somehow. Such interactions can also become pleasant memories of your trip.
Which Feels More Japanese, Tokyo or Kyoto?
From the perspective of "Japanese-ness," Kyoto generally feels more strongly Japanese. This is because Kyoto has a long history and retains strong traces of traditional architecture and culture.
In Kyoto, you can experience traditional Japanese culture everywhere. For example, famous temples and shrines like Kinkaku-ji and Kiyomizu-dera, districts with atmospheric machiya townhouses like Gion and Pontocho. These embody the very image of "Japan" that many people imagine.
When I lived in Kyoto, I had opportunities to encounter traditional Japanese beauty in my daily life. For instance, during my morning commute along the Kamo River, I often saw people in kimono. Such scenes truly embody "Japanese-ness."
Also, in Kyoto, seasonal events and festivals are still carefully preserved. Traditional festivals like the Gion Festival, Jidai Festival, and Aoi Festival make you feel the depth of Japanese culture.
What particularly left an impression on me was the Gozan no Okuribi held on summer nights. The "Dai" character floating on the mountains is a mystical sight that makes you feel the spirituality of Japan.
On the other hand, Tokyo also has many places that feel Japanese. For example, Nakamise Street in Asakusa, the area around the Imperial Palace, and Rikugien Garden with its beautiful Japanese garden are spots where you can feel Japanese tradition.
Also, Tokyo is a place where you can vividly feel the face of modern Japan. The Shibuya scramble crossing overflowing with people, the accuracy of public transportation that Japan is proud of worldwide, Akihabara overflowing with cutting-edge electronic devices. These can also be said to represent modern "Japanese-ness."
In conclusion, if you're seeking traditional "Japanese-ness," Kyoto is the general choice, and if you want to feel modern "Japanese-ness," Tokyo is the place.
However, personally, I think you can feel Japan's multifaceted nature and depth more by visiting both cities. I believe that the coexistence of tradition and innovation is the true "Japanese-ness."
Which Has More Photogenic Spots, Tokyo or Kyoto?
From the perspective of photogenic spots, both Tokyo and Kyoto are treasure troves of attractive shooting locations. However, their characteristics are quite different.
Kyoto is popular for its photogenic spots of traditional architecture and natural landscapes. For example, there are many places that make you feel the traditional beauty of Japan, such as Kinkaku-ji, Kiyomizu-dera, and the thousand torii gates of Fushimi Inari Taisha.
What I particularly like is Arashiyama during the autumn foliage season. The contrast between Togetsukyo Bridge and the autumn leaves, the scenery reflected in the river surface is breathtakingly beautiful, and I never get tired of photographing it no matter how many times I do.
Also, one of Kyoto's great charms is that you can take photos that capture the changing seasons. Cherry blossoms in spring, fresh greenery in summer, autumn leaves in fall, and snowy landscapes in winter. The same place shows completely different expressions depending on the season.
When I lived in Kyoto, it was my hobby to regularly visit the same places and capture the seasonal changes in photos. Especially, the Philosopher's Path and along the Kamo River are spots where you can enjoy the beauty of each season.
On the other hand, Tokyo is characterized by its futuristic cityscape and vibrant urban scenery. For example, you can take photos capturing the dynamic face of the city, such as the night scenery of Shinjuku and Shibuya illuminated by neon lights, and the urban landscape viewed from Tokyo Skytree.
Also, popular photo spots unique to Tokyo include the pop culture of Akihabara, the scenery of Asakusa where tradition and modernity fusion, and the futuristic architecture of Odaiba.
What was well-received when I guided my friends was the flow of people photographed from an angle overlooking the Shibuya scramble crossing. It's an excellent spot to capture Tokyo's vitality in a single photo.
Overall, Tokyo is suitable for photographing night scenes and urban landscapes. Especially, the views from the observatories of skyscrapers are spectacular. There are many choices like Tokyo Tower, Tokyo Skytree, and the Metropolitan Government Building observatory.
Tokyo and Kyoto, these two cities are representative of Japan yet have completely different charms.
Tokyo is a modern, vibrant metropolis. The dynamism of a city that never sleeps, cutting-edge technology, the internationality where diverse cultures coexist. These are the characteristics of Tokyo.
On the other hand, Kyoto is an ancient capital that strongly retains Japan's tradition and history. Temples and shrines with a thousand years of history, atmospheric townscapes, beautiful nature changing with the seasons. These are the charms of Kyoto.
For travelers, I recommend visiting both cities if possible. Experience the vitality of modern Japan in Tokyo, and taste the tradition and tranquility of Japan in Kyoto!